GMAT语法 平行结构概述

最重要的三个平行连接词：And, both and, or, either or; neither nor, not but, not only but also, rather than, from to 前后连接的A和B必须词性相同，结构一致，甚至“数”一致

(二)平行元素

1.有时候be, can, to…会被省略掉，

2.但是从句开头的“引导此不可以省略，即使引导词一样”;

Wrong: I want to retire to a place WHERE I can relax AND I pay low taxes.

Right: I want to retire to a place WHERE I can relax AND WHERE I pav low taxes.

3.同时引导词也可以不一样!

Right: There are many people WHO speak English BUT WHOSE parents do not.

4.但是“引导词”前面的词不可以省略!

Wrong: Ralph likes BOTH THOSE WHO are popular AND WHO are not.

Right: Ralph likes BOTH THOSE WHO are popular AND THOSE WHO are not.

此句中“those”不能省略，但是“popular”可以省略。

(三)AND：

1.通常逗号原则：

A and B/A ,B，and C/A,B,C,and D

2.特殊逗号原则:

当连接两个元素是长de独立句子时候，会用A，and B。

例：I really like candy apples, AND I eat them often.

3.分层并列：

无论并列的元素有多少，同一个并列连词连接的必须结构相似，词性相同!可以在一个句子同时用不同的并列连词，表示不同的层次。

例：She argues THAT the agency acts WITH reckless abandon AND WITH disregard for human life AND property. AND THAT it should therefore be shut down.

(四)一些常见的并列习语

(五)句子中的动词不一样都平行，很有可能是动词的-ing或者-ed形势，表示伴随

(六)系动词两边的成分要并列：表达的是“主语是什么/主语在什么情况下”

Right: The bouquet of flowers WAS a gift of love.

Wrong: Upon being nominated, this politician REPRESENTS a step forward in urban-rural relations in this country.

Right: The nomination of this politician REPRESENTS a step forward in urban- rural relations in this country.

GMAT语法 平行结构例题

Thunderclouds form when warm, moist air rises into cooler air above, because either the ground is warmer than usually or because the interaction of two air masses, one warm and one cold, forces warm air to rise.

A . because either the ground is warmer than usually or because

B . because either the ground is warmer than usual or because of

C . because of either the ground being warmer than usual or because

D . either because of the ground’s being warmer than usually or because of

E . either because the ground is warmer than usual or because

答案解析：because either the ground is warmer than usually or because…

正确答案：E